Number of nouns

Жиросжигающий

Взбейте 0,5 л. кефира с небольшим пучком измельченной петрушки и добавьте щепотку молотой корицы и на кончике ножа сухого имбиря. В течение 10 дней выпивайте утром натощак и вечером кефир с петрушкой. В эти дни диетологи советуют придерживаться овощной диеты и пить много жидкости (вода, зеленый чай). Можно дать настоятся в течении одного часа.

3. Фруктовый смузи

1 литр молока, 1 киви, 1 банан, горсть черники, горсть малины, 1.ч.л сенян чиа, 1 ст.л молотых семян подсолнечника, все взбить в брендере

в однородную массу, можно позавтракать таким коктейлем.

Number is the form of the noun which shows whether one or more th
one object is meant.

Some nouns in English may have the singular and the plural forms.
e.g.: room- rooms.

Other nouns are either used in the singular only: (e.g.: freedom, progress,
milk, steel) or only in the plural (e.g.: spectacles, goods, billiards).

The plural is built by means of the suffix - s or - es.

In writing the following spelling rules should be observed:

1. The suffix -es is added to nouns ending in - o preceded by a consonant: e.g.: potato- potatoes; tomato- tomatoes; hero- heroes.

But if a noun ends in - o preceded by a vowel or it happens to be a noun of foreign origin only -s is added: e.g.: cuckoo- cuckoos; radio- radios; piano- pianos; kilo- kilos; photo- photos; solo-solos.

2. Nouns ending in - y preceded by a consonant change the - y into - ies: e.g.: story - stories; fly - flies; country - countries. But if a noun ends in - y preceded by a vowel only - s is added:
e.g.: key - keys; boy - boys; day – days.

3. The following nouns ending in -f or -fe have the ending -ves in the plural:

e. g.: wife- wives; life- lives; wolf- wolves; calf- calves; shelf- shelves; leaf- leaves.

But there are some exceptions to this rule when final _-f does not change

e.g roof-roofs; gulf-gulfs; safe-safes; cuff-cuffs; muff-muffs.

4. There are some nouns which form their plural in an irregular way:

a) a few have the change of a vowel:

e.g.: man-men; woman-women; tooth - teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice; louse-lice;

b) remember a peculiar form in the nouns:

ox-oxen, child-children, brother-brethren (members of the same society, not blood relations).

c) a few have the same form for the singular and the plural:

e.g.: a sheep-sheep; a swine-swine; a deer-deer; a fish-fish; a craft-craft;

d) the following nouns ending in -s in the singular remain unchanged in the plural

e.g.: a means-means; a (gas) works-(gas) works; a barracks-barracks; a headquarters-headquarters; a series-series; a species-species;

e) mind that the noun penny has two plural forms: pennies (when referring to
individual coins, and pence (when the amount is only meant.)

e.g.: She had some pennies in her pocket. The fare cost him eight pence.

f) some nouns borrowed from other languages, especially from Greek and
Latin keep their foreign forms. They are:

agendum - agenda;
analysis - analyses;
bacterium - bacteria;
basis - bases;
crisis - crises;
criterion - criteria;
datum - data;

phenomenon - phenomena;
stratum -strata;
thesis - theses.

g) with compound nouns only the final component is made plural:

bookcase - bookcases;
writing-table - writing-tables;
forget-me-not - forget-me-nots;
postman - postmen;
Englishman - Englishmen.

In a few nouns the first component is made plural:
father-in-law - fathers-in law;
commander-in-chief - commanders-in chief;
passer-by - passers-by;
court-martial - courts-martial;

When the first component is man or woman the plural is expressed twice:
man-servant - men-servants;
woman-doctor - women-doctors.

A considerable number of nouns are used only in the singular in English.
Here belong:

1) all names of materials: (iron, copper, sand, coal, bread, cheese, oil, wine, tea, chalk.)

2) a great number of nouns denoting abstract notions:(generosity, curiosity, anger, foolishness, excitement, poetry, fun, sculpture.)

Note, however, that many other abstract nouns may have both the singular
and the plural forms.(idea - ideas, change - changes, suggestion - suggestions.)

3) special mention should be made of a few nouns which end in -s but are used only in the singular. Here belong nouns ending in: -ics: (physics, mathematics, phonetics, optics, ethics, politics).

Note. Nouns of the latter group are occasionally treated as plural.
e.g.: Politics has (have) always interested him.
Mathematics is (are) well taught at that school. (different aspects)

* * *

Some nouns are used only in the plural.

Here belong nouns indicating:

1) articles of dress consisting of two parts:

(e.g.: trousers, pants, shorts, tninks, pajamas, drawers, braces);

2) tools and instruments, consisting of two parts:

(e.g.: scissors, spectacles, glasses, tongs, pincers, scales, letters);

3) names of some games:

(e.g.: billiards, cards, dominoes, draughts);

4) miscellaneous other nouns:

(riches, contents, dregs, oats, thanks, clothes, credentials, troops, goods, whereabouts, bowels, surroundings, savings, belongings, goings on, winnings, proceedings, hangings, etc.).

e.g.: There were clothes scattered about the room.

The noun used as subject of the sentence agrees in number with its predicate verb:

e.g.: If we ever thought nature was simple, now we know for sure it isn't.
If there are any universal laws for the cosmos, they must be very difficult.

Difficulties arise, however with collective nouns: nouns denoting groups of people and sometimes animals.

e.g. the aristocracy, the clergy, the public, the army, the class, etc.

Such nouns may be used in two ways: they either indicate the group as a single undivided body a non-personal collective or as a collection of individuals.

e.g.: The public consists of you and me.

The family was well known in their team.

In the latter case the nouns, though they remain singular grammatically,
become plural notionally and take a plural verb.

e.g.: The public were not admitted to hear the trial.
"My family keep a close eye on me", said George.

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