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Grammar test

1. We ….. goods from India.

a) are importing; b) are imported; c) are import.

1. How and when are the goods ….to Canada?

a) to send; b) to be send; c) to be sent.

1. The invoice …..on the reverse side to confirm origin of the goods.

a) has stamped; b) are stamped; c) has been stamped.

1. The Buyer …..a quotation.

a) has been requested; b) has requested; c) request.

1. This paper …..to confirm the value of the goods.

a) is used; b) is using; c) have been used.

1. How much duty…..?

a) are paid; b) is to be paid; c) has paid.

1. Goods ….in standard-sized containers.

a) were packed; b) was packed; c) has been packed.

1. This kind of B\L…...

a) can be negotiate; b) can be negotiated; c) can be negotiating.

1. Banks usually ….order Bills of lading.

a) accepts; b) is accept; c) accept.

1. Ship …..today.

a) are delayed; b) have been delayed; c) has been delayed.

1. Which transport …. this Bill of Lading cover?

a) does; b) do; c) is.

1. If the Bill of Lading … dirty the Consignee may refuse to take delivery of the goods.

a) is; b) was; c) will be.

1. The Bill of Lading ….to the third party.

a) transferred; b) will transfer; c) will be transferred.

1. The ship ….probably ….at the port of destination on the 1^st of September.

a) are…..arriving; b) will…arrive; c) was…arrived.

1. Once the goods ….to the port the authority signs the shipping note.

a) have been delivered; b) has been delivered; c) were delivered.

1. The shipping note …..the port authorities with information about the goods to be transported.

a) provide; b) is provided; c) provides.

1. He has to prove that the goods ….to the port.

a) have been delivered; b) was delivered; c) were delivering.

1. A dirty Bill of Lading …..as an unclean.

a) knows; b) are known; c) is known.

1. These containers …..by the customs authorities.

a) was not inspected; b) were not inspected; c) were not inspecting.

1. Original 3 …..“For Shipper”.

a) is marked; b) marked; c) is marking.

1. The Agent …..a pro forma invoice in order to be able to fix his own prices.

a) need; b) will need; c) will be need.

1. Our trading relations…...

a) don’t desire; b) didn’t desire; c) are not desired.

Topic 5: CARGO CLAIMS

In marine practice claims may arise in connection with short delivery of goods or damage to cargo, non-payment of money or non-fulfilment of some clauses of contracts, a wrong calculation or a faulty charging of some expenses, and in connection with many other matters.

To settle disputes between Shippers or Charterers on the first part and Shipowners on the second part, a special Maritime Arbitration Commission has been established at the All-Union Chamber of Commerce & Industry. This Commission decides disputes with regard to charter parties, contracts of carriage and marine insurance, arbitration agreements for cases of collision and salvage contracts.

Whenever claims are made against the ship, the master should be careful to see if there are any clauses in the Charter Party or Bill of Lading exempting the vessel from such lia­bilities. If any legitimate claims arise, it is always advis­able, if possible, to settle them before the ship leaves the port.

To avoid claims about loss or damage to goods, shipmasters should observe the terms and conditions of the contract of carriage. Of course, damage to goods may sometimes result from causes which are beyond the carrier's control: a ship may meet with casualty and both the ship and the cargo sustain damage or loss. Under all the circumstances the master of a ship must bear in mind the juridical side of the question and fulfil the necessary formalities which are required of him.

In every case of an evident or suspected damage to goods during the voyage, the shipmaster is to note a Sea Protest. He is to note a Sea Protest within 24 hours of arrival and before breaking bulk. The protest is made before a notary public or the consul, or before a magistrate or other local authority. The sworn testimony of the master and other witnesses must be substantiated by the entries in the log book. For this purpose extracts from the log book should be taken and produced. As a rule, the harbour master makes an official announcement for the information of all concerned about the protest declared.

So, a sea protest protects the Charterer or Shipowner from claims of damage caused by the perils of the sea.

After the protest has been noted, the shipmaster is to invite a Surveyor to hold a survey on hatches. The shipmaster must also acquaint the Receivers of the cargo with this fact so that they may also appoint a Surveyor if they wish. The Receivers must be notified by the master in writing. The hatches then should be opened in the presence of a Surveyor to prove that they had been properly battened down and covered before the voyage. This is very important as the ship is cleared from responsibility for the damage if the Surveyor's Report states that the hatches were properly covered and secured and the cargo was properly dunnaged and stowed. A copy of the Surveyor's Report should be retained on the ship for further reference.

London, October 10, 20...

SuperFurniture Ltd.

19 Bee Rd

Manchester

UK

Dear Sirs

We have seen youradvertisement in the July edition of “Furniture & Office Equipment” and it interested us greatly.

Our bank is opening new branches in Manchester and Leeds and we will require office furniture and equipment urgently.

We are inclined to place a considerable order with your company and therefore would expect a quantity discount off list prices, and our terms of payment are normally payment for collection or as a special concession on our part by Letter of Credit.

We shall appreciate it if you will send us your brochures, prospectuses and catalogues in duplicate.

We hope to hear from you soon.

Yours faithfully

E Lacombe

Moscow, November 15, 20...

Fish & Fish Products Ltd.

15 Cornflower St.

Leeds

Great Britain

Dear Sirs

We represent a chain of restaurants and cafeterias in Russia and are looking for a company engaged in the export of fish and fish products. The Chamber of Commerce of Russia has informed us of your address.

We are interested in tinned fish for shipment in equal lots at regular intervals during the next five months. We are ready to pay 50% by an irrevocable Letter of Credit.

We should be obliged to you if you would send us an offer for these goods stating the price of each item separately.

Your early reply will be very much appreciated.

Yours faithfully

A Smirnov

Уважаемые господа!

В прошлом месяце мы посетили выставку садового инвентаря, проводимую ежегодно в Гамбурге. На нас огромное впечатление произвели изделия, представленные на Вашем стенде.

Мы представляем сеть супермакетов по всей стране, и хотели бы, чтобы Вы направили нам ваше предложение с разбивкой общей цены по позициям.

Наши обычные условия платежа - на инкассо, или мы могли бы пойти Вам навстречу и оплатить часть товара наличными.

Мы очень заинтересованы в Вашей продукции и надеемся на развитие сотрудничества в будущем. С интересом ожидаем Вашего ответа.

Менеджер по продажам T. Браун

Moscow, July 10, 20...

SuperEquipment Ltd.

11 North St.

Leeds

UK

Dear Sirs

We know that you are the sole manufacturers of high precision machinery[1] in Great Britain and we would like you to send us an offer in accordance with the specification and technical conditions enclosed, stating:

1. The lowest price.

2. The time of delivery.

3. The terms of shipment.

4. The overall dimensions and weight.

5. The number of cases necessary for packing the machine-tools.

6. The cost of packing for sea transportation.

The machines should be delivered complete with all essential accessories and tools together with manuals in English and Russian for service and maintenance.

We also request you to send us a list of spare and rapidly wearing out parts itemizing the price.

We should appreciate it if you would enclose a list of firms to whom you have supplied Machine-tools similar to those required by us. Your offer should reach us by the 20th March at the latest.

Yours faithfully

N Sokolov

Leeds, July 15, 20...

AO Machinoimport

Kaluzskaya St., 8

Moscow, Russia

Dear Sirs

We thank you for your enquiry for High Precision Machinery of the 10^th July.

To our regret this equipment is not available for sale at present as it is undergoing final service tests. We hope that the results of the tests will have been summarized by the end of the year. We shall not fail to revert to your enquiry as soon as the Test Certificate is issued.

Yours faithfully

M Doubtfire

Sales Manager

Дата добавления: 2017-02-01