Заимствованные. Продуктивные суффиксы современного английского языка суффикс значение валентность стилистическая окраска -dom

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Продуктивные суффиксы современного английского языка

суффикс	значение	валентность	стилистическая окраска
-dom noun-forming	the state of being ─ freedom) the rank of a ─ (dukedom) an area ruled by a ─ (kingdom) collectivity (yuppiedom, officialdom)	adj-stems noun-stems noun-stems   noun-stems, adj-stems	neutral neutral neutral   informal
-en verb-forming	the idea of making into or making like (brighten)	adj-stems	neutral
-er noun-forming	the agent of the action (dancer) the object of the action (lander)	verb-stems   noun-stems	neutral   neutral
-ful adj-forming	the idea of presence of some quality (powerful)	noun-stems	neutral
-hood noun-forming	state, condition, quality, character (childhood)	noun-stems	neutral
-ie/-y noun-forming	the idea of diminutiveness (birdie)	noun-stems	evaluative
-ing noun-forming	action, process (learning)	verb-stems	neutral
-ish adj-forming	the idea of being similar to the idea of depreciatory meaning (childish, snobbish)	adj-stems noun-stems	neutral evaluative
-less adj-forming	the idea of absence of some quality (senseless)	noun-stems	neutral
-like adj-forming	the idea of being similar to, characteristic of (businesslike)	noun-stems	neutral
-ling noun-forming	the idea of diminutiveness, depreciation (duckling)	noun-stems	evaluative
-ly adj-forming adv-forming	the idea of having the manner of, the characteristic of (friendly, cleverly) every (weekly)	noun-stems adj-stems	neutral
-ness noun-forming	state, condition, quality, degree (kindness, forgiveness)	adj-stems verb-stems	neutral
-ship noun-forming	position, state, condition (friendship)	noun-stems	neutral
-ster noun-forming	orig. the female agent (spinster) the idea of a person with often a depreciatory meaning (gangster, youngster)	noun-stems adj-stems	derogatory
-wise adv-forming	the way, manner (clockwise, fashionwise)	noun-stems	neutral
-y adj-forming	full of, characterized by, having (dirty, sleepy, wintry)	noun-stems	neutral

суффикс	значение	валентность	стилистическая окраска, этимология
-able adj-forming	the idea of ability of the action (washable, saleable)	verb-stems noun-stems	neutral Romanic
-al adj-forming	the idea of being the kind of, pertaining to (comical)	noun-stems	neutral Romanic
-an/-ian/-ean adj-forming	belonging or pertaining to (American)	noun-stems	neutral Romanic
-ation/-tion/ -ion noun-forming	action, state, concrete instance or result (combination, completion, election)	verb-stems	neutral Romanic
-ee noun-forming	the object of the action (trainee)	verb-stems	neutral Romanic
-eer noun-forming	the agent of the action (auctioneer, profiteer, racketeer)	noun-stems	oft. derogatory Romanic
-ery/-ry noun-forming	collectivity, state, condition (machinery, poetry)	noun-stems	neutral Romanic
-ese noun-forming adjective-forming	people or language belonging to the country (journalese, officialese, Japanese, Viennese)	noun-stems	neutral, Romanic
-ess noun-forming	the idea of feminine derivatives (poetess)	noun-stems	neutral Romanic
-ette noun-forming	diminutive meaning (kitchenette) female agent of the action (usherette) imitation (leatherette)	noun-stems   noun-stems   noun-stems	neutral Romanic
-ics noun-forming	art or science (mathematics)	noun-stems	neutral Greek
-ify/-fy verb-forming	to make or become, to bring to a certain state (purify, terrify, intensify)	adj-stems noun-stems	neutral Romanic
-ise/-ize verb-forming	to make, to cause to be, to become (modernize)	noun-stems adj-stems	neutral Greek
-ism noun-forming	the idea of system, trend, theory, movement (criticism)	noun-stems	neutral Greek
-ist noun-forming	the idea of a person advocating a doctrine, system (linguist)	adj-stems	neutral Greek
-ite noun-forming	the idea of a supporter, follower (Thatcherite)	noun-stems	neutral Romanic
-ity/-ty noun-forming	quality, state, condition (regularity, stupidity, liberty)	adj-stems	neutral Romanic
-let noun-forming	the idea of diminutiveness (booklet)	noun-stems	neutral Romanic
-ment noun-forming	state, quality, condition, action, process (government)	verb-stems adj-stems	neutral Romanic
-nik noun-forming	a person who is connected with or keen on (computernik)	noun-stems	informal Russian

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