Define the function of the Gerund and translate the sentences into Russian

Oпределениe

Как правило, герундий в функции определения вводится предлогами of, for или in и определяет отвлеченные существительные типа probability (вероятность), ability ( способность) и др.

The difficulties in designing these devices led to the development of a new technological method.	Трудности при конструировании этого прибора привели к разработке нового технологического метода.
There is little probability of atmosphere being on that planet.	Маловероятно, чтобыу этой планеты была атмосфера.
There are strong reasons for believing that today many payments are made electronically.	Имеются основательные причины считать, что сейчас многие платежные операции выполняются посредством электронного оборудования.

Запомните следующие существительные, после которых употребляется герундий в функции определения: ability (способность), advantage (преимущество), chance (возможность), merit (достоинство), necessity (необходимость), possibility (вероятность), reason (причина, основание), difficulty (трудность).

1. Changing the output level will affect the costs of production and the revenues obtained from sales.

2. By concentrating marketing resources in a few carefully selected areas, exporters can maximize total profit on sales.

3. The Foreign Trade Arbitration Commission has been established for the purpose of settling disputes between Russian trade organizations and foreign firms.

4. We began talking about the position of the rubber market.

5. There are significant differences between selling overseas and selling to the home market.

6. Profitable trade overseas depends on selecting the right market to enter.

7. A firm’s revenue is the amount it earns by selling goods or services in a given period, such as a year.

8. Export marketing organizations can help exporters in the risk of entering the right market.

9. Retailers make their profit by charging the customer 25 to 100 per cent more than the price they paid for the item.

10. The central bank influences interest rates by expanding or contracting the monetary base.

11. Cutting or scrapping plans for regional transport improvements means fewer jobs, and ultimately fewer businesses driving recovery.

12. Banks borrow money by accepting funds deposited on current accounts, by accepting term deposits, and by issuing debt securities such as banknotes and bonds.

13. The UK's total borrowing for the financial year now totals more than £122bn.

14. This could spark a second round of rising unemployment.

Дата добавления: 2014-11-29