Exercise 11. Here is an extract from a manual providing rail loading instructions. Complete the sentences with words from the box

Carefully, attention, overhanging, sure, place, examine, secure, instructions, fit, distribute, exceeded, diagonally

1. __________ vehicle carefully. 2. Do not place items __________ across the wagon. 3. When loading is complete, ensure that it fully complies with the ________ given in our rail instructions manual. 4. Examine the load carefully and make _________ it is undamaged and suitable for loading. 5. _________ the longer, heavier pieces on the bottom of the load. 6. Make sure that load is ___________. 7. Ensure the vehicle is _________ to be loaded. 8. Strap _________ loads. 9. When checking the vehicle, give special _________ to the door securing mechanisms. 10. Examine the vehicle and load __________ after loading. 11. _________ load as evenly as possible and make sure wheels are evenly loaded. 12. Check whether vehicle capacity has not been ________.

Exercise 12. Now match the correct sentences with the instructions below.

a before loading: 1, ___________

b during loading: _____________

c after loading: _______________

Exercise 13. Match the beginnings of the sentences (1–8) with the endings (a–h).

1. Remove protruding

2. Cover the damaged wall

3. Secure the load to

4. Fill empty

5. Replace damaged pallets

6. Align the load

7. Stack the boxes

8. Seal the container after

a prevent movement.

b on pallets.

c vertically.

d staples or nails.

e spaces between products.

f loading is complete.

g of the container.

h with new ones.

EXPLAINING HOW TO DO SOMETHING

When explaining how to do something, you can use the imperative form of the verb. Use the infinitive without to, like this: Examine the load carefully. Do not overload the vehicle.

Exercise 14.Complete this email about an urgent shipment with prepositions from the box.

by, on, with, in, out, to, between, of

Exercise 15. Sonja and Jon are discussing the urgent delivery over the phone. Listen and answer the questions.

1. Can they use one of their usual forwarding agents?

2. How long would the fastest delivery service take?

3. Would express delivery be a good option?

4. Why is it not possible to deliver at the weekend?

5. What does Jon want to do next?

Exercise 16.Put the words in the order they are mentioned in the dialogue. Then listen again to check.

1. really/here/I think/a problem/ we’ve/ got

2. use/this shipment/our/for/one/unfortunately/we can’t/of/regular forwarders

3. we/smaller/this/deliveries/means/partial/that/would/have several

4. have to/a lot more/and/as/we’d/pay/a result

5. Saturdays and Sundays/because of/deliver/we/can’t/at the weekend/driving ban/on/the HGV

6. problems/this delivery/no idea/I/would/cause/so many/had

INFORMING SOMEONE ABOUT PROBLEMS

Telling someone that something cannot be handled in the way it was planned or that something has gone wrong can be difficult. That’s why it is important to stay calm and use polite language. It is usually a good idea to say what the problem is exactly and then explain the situation. We often use beginnings such as I’m afraid … or I’m sorry, but … even if we are not responsible for the problem.

First, we give a brief introduction and then go on to explain the situation in more detail: I’m afraid there is a problem with customs clearance. I’m sorry, but there will be a delivery delay.

We may also want to give reasons for the problem: The delay was caused by a rail strike in Italy. The consignment has to be repacked because the carton is damaged. There was a delay because of bad weather. There was a delay because the weather was bad.

We may also want to talk about contrast, e.g. when we explain that there was a problem, but it hasn’t affected the outcome: Although the load wasn’t secured properly, it arrived intact. The load wasn’t secured properly, but it arrived on time. In spite of the strike, the consignment arrived on time. Despite being delayed, the consignment arrived on time.

Sometimes we also need to explain the consequences of certain events: The result was that the goods didn’t leave the warehouse until Friday. As a result, the shipment arrived two hours late. There’s fog at the airport so the flight hasn’t taken off yet.

Exercise 17.Complete the sentences with words from the box.

so, because, although, due, as a result, despite, because, in spite of

1. Our customer wants to ship valuable freight, ________ we need to think about insurance.

2. A part of the shipment seems to be damaged ________ of rough handling.

3. _________ the customer needed them urgently, the goods couldn’t be delivered at the weekend.

4. The flight was cancelled _________ to bad weather.

5. The driver had the wrong address. _________ it took him three hours to deliver the pallets.

6. The consignment arrived on time ________ all the customs formalities at the border.

7. We are unable to ship today _________ we’ve had problems with our dispatch.

8. ________ being well secured, the load was damaged on arrival.

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