Will therefore be the state (in the form of prosecuting authority)

Driving. This is a criminal offence. The parties to the action

Officer and subsequently a case is brought against you for dangerous

Area, which has a speed limit of 40 m.p.h. You are stopped by a police

Are driving your car at 70 m.p.h. (112 kilometers per hour) in an

The very serious (e.g. murder). Look at the following situation. You

Criminal offences range from the petty (e.g. parking offences) to

The law by which the state regulates the conduct of its citizens.

Now let us look at some examples of the criminal law. This is

Blame, then the defendant should shoulder the liability.

Victim is wholly innocent and the defendant even only little to

Question in the civil law is who should pay for that damage. If the

More concerned with apportioning losses than determining blame.

The shop (an individual person or body). Hence, the civil law is

Parties to the action will be you (an individual) and the owner of

Recover your loss. As the law of contract is part of the civil law the

Your money. If not, you may wish to take legal action to

After three days the cellphone fails to work. This is a common situation

Away. You have entered into a contract with the owner of the shop.

From a local shop. You pay the correct price and take the cellphone

Consider the following situation. You decide to buy a cellphone

Breaches of contract (the law of contract), tort (literally meaning

Individual people and bodies. Examples of the civil law include

Regulates the legal relationships between the state and

The relationships between individuals or bodies and the former

Of which is the common law), and the civil law is that the latter regulates

A simple distinction between the criminal law (the foundation

Circumstances.

Law, used to correct laws when these would apply unfairly in special

Application of principles of justice outside common law or statute

The civil law jurisdictions based on civil codes. Law of equity is the

The common law legal systems based on precedents from

Made by Pariiament or other law-making body (statute law). It distinguishes

Made by judges in previous cases (case law) in contrast to the law

Law (in England) is unwritten law based on judicial decisions

The whole country — national law in contrast to local law. Common

And procedural laws, etc.

By the words «common law» we mean law which is common to

«wrong»), property or claims for damages for negligent conduct.

and usually the shopkeeper will replace the cellphone or return

Given that the defendant has damaged the victim's property, the

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