Упр.9 Переведите предложения с причастием I в функции обстоятельства

Упр.8 Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функцию и способ перевода причастия со стоящим за ним инфинитивом.

Сравните:

The ionization expected to exist…

Ионизация, которая, как предполагают, существует…

The ionization is expected to exist…

Ионизация, как предполагают, существует…

1 Radar is known to be used to locate aircraft.

Radar known to be used to locate aircraft found its application during World War II.

2 One of the Siberian meteorites is estimated to have had a diameter of 30 feet

3 One of the Siberian meteorites estimated to have had a diameter of 30 feet.

4 The rocket is the only power plant known to be independent of the atmosphere.

5 The G-layer is an ionized layer thought to exist at a height of 300-400 miles in the Earth’s atmosphere.

6 The diameter of Saturn supposed to be 75,100 miles through the equatorial region is about 9 ¹/₂ times the Earth’s diameter.

7 On June 30, 1908 a meteorite estimated to have weighed 40,000tons fell in Siberia.

8 The pilot is given regular information on the weather likely to be met in flight.

9 The atomic rocket is a power plant appearing to find great application in future.

10 Electric charge of a body is made evident by the attractive or repulsive force found to exist between charged bodies.

Примите к сведению, что в указанных примерах английское причастие I в функции обстоятельства лучше переводить не деепричастием как обычно, а предложением типа «что указывает на…» или «и указывает на…». Этот способ перевода используется в тех случаях, когда действие, выражаемое причастием, по своему содержанию несет не меньшую смысловую нагрузку, чем действие, выраженное сказуемым главного предложения.

1Subsequent observations showed a high degree of variability, indicating that the X-ray emission changes considerably throughout the sunspot cycle.

2 The greatest electric field that can be maintained in air under ordinary atmospheric conditions is 3X10⁶ volt per meter, corresponding to a surface density of 26 microcoulomb per square meter.

3 The nature of the solar particle radiations needs to be explored out to distance many Earth radii, calling for ¹ the use of satellites in eccentric orbits.

4 Ordinary hydrogen has a single proton in its nucleus but its heavy isotope has both a proton and a neutron, making i ts mass number 2 instead of 1.

5 While working to isolate Polonium, the Curies discovered a second radioactive element, calling it “radium”.

6 Certain natural radioactive elements which differ greatly from one another in their radioactive properties were found to be chemically inseparable, suggesting that their external structures are identical though their nuclei differ.

7 The penetration of neutrons through the iron was found to be markedly different, depending whether the iron was magnetized or not.

8 A separate compressor must be inserted in the nuclear reactor in order to circulate the coolant gas, resulting in additional mechanical complexity and further loss of thermal efficiency.

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