A c u t e n e p h r I t I s

TEST

1. Overweight, particularly …individuals past middle life, is a burden which many persons carry about quite without necessity.

a. at

b. on

c. from

d. by

e. in

2. In many instances, this heavy burden will result in a definite shortening of the normal life span; they … to premature death from coronary thrombosis, from diabetes, or from infections, such as pneumonia or cholecystitis, as well as many other diseases, than persons in the same age group whose weight is average or below average.

a. are more likely to succumb

b. are more likely to be succumb

c. are more likely to be being succumb

d. is more likely to succumb

e. am more likely to succumb

3. …, the obese individual suffers from unnecessary fatigue, from heat intolerance, and from arthritis, as well as from other serious discomforts, much more commonly than do persons of normal weight.

a. Further

b. Furthermost

c. Furtherance

d. Furthermore

e. Furthest

4. Thus, the prevention of obesity and the retention of normal weight is a matter of importance in the field of….

a. prenatal medicine

b. preventive medicine

c. physical medicine

d. postclinical medicine

e. preserving medicine

5. The important factor in production of overweight is a daily caloric intake which exceeds the energy requirement of the body — in brief; the fat person eats … rich food.

a. too many

b. too little

c. too small

d. too big

e. too much

6. A positive energy balance … a variety of causes: one of the important factors is dietary habits.

a. might be due to

b. may be due to

c. may due to

d. may to be due to

e. may be due

7. People … eat as much as they did at 20, although their activities are greatly curtailed. Probably the most common cause of overweight is the fact that individuals overeat because they enjoy food, and do not realize that there is any risk in overindulgence.

a. over 20

b. over 30

c. over 40

d. over 50

e. over 60

8. Prevention of overweight centers … each individual that overweight, particularly with increasing age, is an unnecessary hazard to a normal life.

a. teaching

b. is teaching

c. be teaching

d. to be teaching

e. is being teaching

9. The person must be convinced that the … with increasing age is injurious, in a direct ratio to the degree of increase of weight to increasing age.

a. "increased" gain of weight

b. "permanent" gain of weight

c. "normal" gain of weight

d. "gradual" gain of weight

e. "decreased" gain of weight

10. The other essential educational feature that must be emphasized is that weight reduction … by maintaining a slow and gradually progressive negative energy balance.

a. can best be secured

b. could best be secured

c. can best is secured

d. can worst be secured

e. can best to be secured

Exercise 1. Practice the pronunciation:

Appendiceal [əpən'disiəl], media ['mediə], glomeruli [glə'merulai], nitrogen ['naitrədʒən], hematuria [hi:mə'tujəriə], albuminuria [ælbju:mi'njuəriə], albuminuric [ælbju:mi'njuərik], oliguria [ɔli'guriə], edema [i'di:mə], feature ['fi:t∫ə], Hg [hai'fra:rdʒirəm], lesion ['liʒ(ə)n]

Exercise 2. Topic vocabulary:

To precede – предшествовать

Predisposing – предрасполагающий

Glomerulae tufts –громерулярные пучки

Lesion – поражение

Predominant – преобладающий

To line – выстилать

To involve – вовлекать

Retention – задержка

Outflow – истечение

Scanty – скудный

Oliguria – отсутствие выделения мочи

Eye fundus – глазное дно

Cast – цилиндр (урол)

To be responsible for – быть ответственным за

To look for – искать

To overlook – просмотреть, не заметить

Exercise 3. Find Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:

Suppurative lymph nodes, predominant role, chief changes, acute infection, renal inflammation, clinical features, scanty outflow of urine, unfavourable prognosis, grave sign, extensive involvement of the kidney, mild edema, rare cases, pus cells.

Exercise 4. Match medical terms with the proper definitions

1) kidney 1) any disorder of metabolism causing excessive thirst

and the production of large volumes of urine;

2) nephritis 2) a substance derived from creatine and creatine

phosphate in muscles;

3) urine 3) either of a pair of tubes, 25—30 cm long, that conduct

urine from the pelvis of kidneys to the bladder;

4) stone calculus 4) the branch of medicine concerned with the study,

investigation and management of diseases of the

kidney;

5) diabetes 5) the fluid excreted by the kidneys- which contains many

of the body's waste products;

6) ureter 6) a hard pebble-like mass formed within the body,

particularly in the gallbladder or anywhere in the

urinary tract;

7) creatininc 7) either of the pair of organs responsible for the

excretion of nitrogenous wastes, principally urea, from

the blood;

8) nephrology 8) Bright's diseases — inflammation of the kidney

Exercise 5. Read and translate the text:

Дата добавления: 2014-12-26