Come go see leave meet

Before and after.

FUTURE FORMS

We can be quite certain about the past and the present, but we can’t be so certain about the future. For this reason, aspect, or how the speaker sees the verb action, is more important than time when discussing the future. This explains why there are several different ways of expressing future time in English.

1. Future Simple

Will is an auxilary to form the future.

Will here expresses future time only.

e.g. I will be in Paris in a few days’ time.

It will be cold and wet tomorrow.

I’m sure we will have a lovely time.

We probably won’t be at home this evening.

Will is also common when there is another clause with if, when, until, as soon as, unless,

e.g. You will break it if you aren’t careful.

We will start the meeting as soon as he arrives.

I will leave before it gets too late.

Will is the most frequently used form of the future.

2. Will is used as a modal auxiliary to express a decision or intention for the future often make in the time of speaking.

e.g. I will have the steak, please.

I like the car very much. I will offer you £ 900 for it.

3. Will is used as a modal auxiliary to express willingness, but not for future.

e.g. Will you help me now? (request)

I ’ll give you a lift. (offer)

4. Going to is used to express intention that has already been planned or decided before the moment of speaking.

e.g. We’re saving up because we ’re going to buy a house.

I ’m going to make some coffee. Do you want some?

5. Going to predict a future event for which there is some evidence now.

e.g. The clouds are dark. It looks as though it is going to rain.

Careful! That glass is going to fall. It’s rolling towards the edge of the table.

6. Present Continuous is used to talk about a future event which is already arranged.

e.g. He’ s meeting Jane at the theatre tomorrow night.

I ’m having a party on Saturday. Would you like to come?

Think of the kind of events that might be put in your diary. They are the sort of future events for which the Present Continuous might be used. It commonly occurs with the following verbs:

There is often little difference between a future intention and future arrangement, and often going to and Present Continuous might be used.

e.g. We ’re going to see Hamlet at the Royal Theatre tonight.

We ’re seeing Hamlet at the Royal Theatre tonight.

7. Present Simple is used to express a future event which is seen as certain because of a time-table or calendar.

e.g. You leave Heathrow at 11:00 and arrive in Paris at 12:30.

The film starts at 7:30.

The exam takes place on 2 April.

8. Future Continuous is used to express an activity that will be in progress at a specific time in future.

e.g. This time tomorrow I ’ll be flying to New York.

9. Future Continuous is used to express events that are certain to happen in future. This use is rather difficult to define, because it is not intention or decision, but something that will happen naturally.

e.g. We ’ll be flying at altitude of 30.000 feet (This might be said by the pilot of the plane. He hasn’t decided to fly at that height. 30.000 feet is the normal height.)

We often use Will (you) be –ing to ask about people’s plans especially when we want something or want someone to do something for us.

e.g. Will you be passing the post office when you go out? – Yes, why?

10. Future Perfect relates a future event to a definite time in future and is used to express an action that will be finished before a definite time in future. We do not know when exactly the action will happen. We only know it will happen before a certain time.

e.g. I ’ll have finished before you get back.

Many natural resources will have disappeared by the end of the 21-st century.

Ex. 20. Match each of the verb forms (a) with a description below (b).

a) 1. I’m going to describe the tour for you.

2. You’ll be visiting most of the famous places of the Golden Ring.

3. From Suzdal' we go by coach to a smaller city in the North.

4. The guide will take you on a sightseeing tour of Moscow.

5. We are flying there the following day.

6. By the end of the tour hopefully you’ll have to learnt a lot about St. Petersburg’s streets and palaces.

b) a) The speaker is referring to a schedule which is programmed in advance and possibly difficult to change.

b) The speaker is talking about an event that will be finished at a given future time.

c) The speaker is announcing his intention to do something.

d) The speaker is describing arrangements that have been made.

e) The speaker is talking about future time only.

f) The speaker is describing the activity which will be in progress.

Ex. 21. Say which verb form is appropriate in each case and why. Listen and check.

1. Could you ring the airport and ask what time the first flight to Vladivostok shall leave / leaves?

2. The Far East will certainly become / will certainly be becoming an important tourist destination.

3. No other country will show / is showing you such a great variety of preserved nature, or an animal that has never heard a shot, or so many different people.

4. We will have / are having an office party on Friday after work for Maria. She will work / will have been working for us for twenty years.

5. You haven’t got a car. I will give / am giving you a lift if you like.

6. We’d better hurry up – it looks as if it’s going to rain / will be raining.

7. The Prince of Wales is to open / will have been opening the new theme park on April, 10^th.

8. The gigantic tunneling machine that worked under the English Channel has been brought to Moscow and it makes / will make several traffic tunnels up to 3 km long.

9. You will hardly find / are hardly going to find a traveller who could overcome to buy a Russian souvenir to remember the far-away country.

10. On the second night of the programme everyone will be going / will have been going to the famous Russian ballet.

Ex. 22. Choose will or (be) going to. Listen and check.

1. I’m sure you ________ (have) a good time staying in Sochi.

2. Can we meet at 10:00 outside the station? – O.K. I ________ (wait) you there.

3. Imagine that my parents probably ________ (go) to Moscow again to see their friend there, but I don’t think I ________ (be able) to go with them.

4. If you travel round north-west Russia you ________ (visit) the islands of Kizhi in Lake Onega and Valaam in Lake Ladoga.

5. Toni says that she ________ (move) back to Spain.

6. Before I go to Russia next year, I ________ (learn) some Russian.

7. Now other country ________ (show) you such a great variety of preserved nature, or an animal that has never heard a shot.

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