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Classical physics




PHYSICS IN GENERAL

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The words below are key physical terms. Translate them into Ukrainian and name their part of speech.

PHYSICS IN GENERAL

LESSON ONE

ОСНОВНИЙ КУРС

ФІЗИКА ЯК НАУКА

space matter energy motion physics classical physics modern physics mechanics acoustics optics thermodynamics electrostatics electrodynamics atomic and nuclear physics physics of elementary particles high-energy physics quantum physics theory of relativity

Physics (Greek: physics, meaning "nature") is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through space-time, as well as all applicable concepts, such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the world and universe behave.

Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines, perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy. Over the last two millennia, physics had been considered synonymous with philosophy, chemistry, and certain branches of mathematics and biology, but during the Scientific Revolution in the 16th century, it emerged to become a unique modern science in its own right. However, in some subject areas such as in mathematical physics and quantum chemistry, the boundaries of physics remain difficult to distinguish.

Classical physics includes the traditional branches and topics that were recognized and fairly well developed before the beginning of the 20th century— mechanics, sound, light, heat, electricity and magnetism. Mechanics is concerned with bodies acted on by forces and bodies in motion and may be divided into statistics (study of the forces on a body at rest), kinematics (study of motion without regard to its causes), and dynamics (study of motion and the forces that affect it); mechanics may also be divided into solid mechanics and fluid mechanics. Acoustics, the study of sound, is often considered a branch of mechanics because sound results from the motion of air particles or other medium through which sound waves can travel. Optics, the study of light, is concerned not only with visible light but also with infrared and ultraviolet radiation. Heat is a form of energy, the internal energy contained in the particles of which a substance is composed; thermodynamics deals with the relationships between heat and other forms of energy. Electricity and magnetism have been studied as a single branch of physics since the intimate connection between them was discovered in the early 19th century.




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