Typological constants of consonants

Comparison in consonants in Russian and English shows the following correlation: in English – 24 phonemes, in Russian – 35. Both Russian and English have plosives, fricative, sonorants and affricates.

In English there are 6 articulatory zones – labial, interdental, alveolar, mediolingual, backlingual, glottal. In Russian there are no interdental and glottal zones. And instead of the alveolar dental zone is used.

As for neutralization in Russian there are 3 basic types of it:

1. in the final position

2. intermorphemic type

3. in the morpheme

4. Between words. is not typical of English and it can result in phonological //////

Consonant alternation is typical of both languages and it is determined by historical factors. In Russian most frequent alternation patterns are as follows: [к]/[ч] (пеку - печешь), [т]/[ч] (хочу - хотеть), [х]/[ш] (сухой - сушить), [с]/[ш] (писать - пишу), [з]/[ж] (сказать - скажет), [д]/[ж] (водить - вожу). In English the most frequent patterns are: [d]/[ʒn] – divide/division, [t]/[ʃn] – imitate – imitation, [s]/[ʃn] – express – expression.

In English there are cases of alternation within variants of the single word – issue (['ɪʃuː ], ['ɪsjuː]).

In English glottal? can't occur in the initial position and the rest positions are quite possible. In Russian voiced consonants can't occur in the final position and soft consonants can't be used before [ы].

Word-composition:

Дата добавления: 2015-07-13