Corresponding to the contents of the text.

Ex.3. Choose the correct word combination to complete each of the following sentences

Text (part 2).

1) In the early 1800s America was a country of great distances, dense population, and large

1) capital.

2) Americans learnt to build railroads by coping English methods of construction.

3) The first American railroads were built in large cities for carrying passengers.

4) In 1812 John Stevens obtained the first charter to build a railroad across New Jersey, but he was unable to raise the money needed for its building.

5) The first common carrier railroad to be built in the United States was the Baltimore and Ohio line.

6) The Baltimore-Ohio railroad opened for traffic in the summer of 1830was horse-powered.

7) The first steam locomotive to run in the United States was the English-built Rocket.

8) 8) In 1829 the American-built locomotive called the Stourbridge Lion made a trial trip in

9) Pennsylvania.

10) The engineer of the Lion refused to let anyone ride with him.

11) The speed of the Stourbridge Lion was twenty miles per hour.

12) The first American-built locomotive called the Best Friend of Charleston was put into operation on the tracks of the South Carolina Railroad.

1) The remark “transportation is civilization” was made by….

a) George Washington b) Henry Ford c) James Watt

2) One of the mankind’s greatest inventions of the 18th century was….

a) the steam engine b) the jet engine c) the internal combustion engine

3) The first stationary steam engines were installed….

a) at large farms b) at various industrial enterprises c) at coal mines

4) One of the first attempts to put a steam engine on wheels was made by….

a) Richard Trevithick b) Thomas Newcomen c) George Stephenson

5) The first common carrier railway in Britain was laid down between….

a) Manchester and Liverpool b) Stockton and London c) Darlington and Stockton

6) The famous steam locomotive called the Rocket moved at a speed of….

a) 46 miles per hour b) 12 miles per hour c) 29 miles per hour

7) The British Parliament objected to constructing railways because….

a) people were afraid of railways

b) b) the members of the British Parliament did not believe that locomotives could run against a strong wind

c) c) there were no materials for the construction of railroads

8) John Stevens failed to build a railroad across New Jersey (the USA) because….

a)he couldn’t find railway workers

b) he was unable to raise the money

c) people of the state objected to constructing

9) The construction of the Baltimore-Ohio railroad lasted….

a) ten years b) one year c) three years

10) The first American-built steam locomotive was called….

a) the Stourbridge Lion b) the Best Friend of Charleston c) the Rocket

11) Railroads became the dominant means of overland transportation in the United States….

a) in the 18th century

b)) in the first half of the 19th century

b) in the last half of the 19th century

Ex.4. You know that there are various types of engines, such as: the water-powered

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