Ex.7. Определите к какому типу относятся следующие условные предложения, перепишите их и переведите на русский язык.

В А Р И А Н Т 3

Ex.1. Образуйте причастие I [Participle I] или причастие II [Participle II] от глаголов, данных в скобках. Предложения перепишите и переведите.

1) [ To use – Participle I] special computer programs, an economist may obtain optimal solution of a number of problems [ to connect – Participle II] with business planning.

2) The OPEC is an international organization [ to establish – Participle II] for the purpose of regulating oil prices in the world market as well as quantities of oil [ to produce – Participle II] and [ to sell – Participle II].

3) A [ to develop – Participle I] country is one in which the average standard of living is very low if [ to compare – Participle II] with living standards in North America and Western Europe.

4) In the USA, the services sector is the fastest [ to grow – Participle I] part of the economy, which provides employment for about 70 percent of the labor force.

5) Money [ to spend – Participle II] on the brain is never spent in vain.

6) [ To lend – Participle I] money to its customers, the bank earns interest, and this interest is higher than the interest [ to pay – Participle II] to depositors.

Ex.2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разные функции инфинитива [Infinitive].

1) The secret of a success in business is to know something that nobody else knows. [Aristotle Onassis]

2) A joint Russian-American venture “Tour East” was established to take care of the travelers coming to Russia from the USA.

3) This year, the dividends to be paid out to the shareholders of the company will not be high.

4) It is sometimes necessary to limit import of foreign goods into the country to protect domestic producers and to encourage their activities.

5) Starting a business, a person must analyze such factors as the total amount of capital to be required, the amount of money to be borrowed in a bank, the number of employees and workers to be hired, etc.

6) Although some farmers have enough money to buy land, they prefer to lease it over several years to examine the conditions for farming.

Ex.3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, содержащие инфинитивную конструкцию Сложное подлежащее [Complex Subject]. Подчеркните данную конструкцию в английских предложениях.

1) Workers in rich countries are believed to be much more productive than workers using the same technology in poor countries because of bad working conditions and for lack of resources for health and education.

2) Prices for oil companies shares were reported to be fluctuating on the Stock Exchange at present.

3) The planned costs are likely to be exceeded due to unforeseen expenses on the construction of a new storehouse.

4) Accuracy and responsibility are sure to be the main qualities of any bookkeeper.

5) The government policy proved to have resulted in a rapidly growing unemployment rate.

6) In this firm, women are said to have less chance of promotion than men do.

Ex.4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, содержащие инфинитивную конструкцию Сложное дополнение [Complex Object]. Подчеркните данную конструкцию в английских предложениях.

1) Too high cost of imported cotton has made a lot of textile enterprises close down in Russia.

2) The taxi driver refused to take a check; he wanted the passenger to pay in cash.

3) Economists suppose new computer programs to be very useful in detecting possible errors in the accounting system.

4) I heard our main competitor have made a long-term, low-interest loan for expanding production and for acquiring new equipment.

5) The membership in the European Economic Community enables member countries to import goods and services from others on favorable terms.

6) Some producers believe direct contact with consumers without wholesalers and other intermediaries to make their output cheaper and, therefore, more competitive.

Ex.5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на многофункциональность глаголов to have и to be. Укажите их функции.

1) When most countries of Central Europe exhausted their coal resources, they had to import large quantities of gas and oil.

2) According to the government regulation, all the posters advertisingtobacco goods are to carry a health warning.

3) In Russia of 1990s, the government’s most important tasks were not to let the unemployment rate grow and to restrict inflation.

4) A bond is a certificate showing that the bondholder has lent a specific amount of money to a corporation or to a government agency, which is to be repaid with interest at some specified date.

5) Goods were damaged in transit due to careless packing. The manufacturing plant will have to compensate losses of the wholesale firm.

Ex.6. Перепишите и переведите следующие словосочетания, обращая внимание на способы выражения определений. Укажите, чем выражено определение – существительным, прилагательным, причастием I, причастием II, герундием, инфинитивом.

1) quick-frozen goods 6) factories working at full capacity

2) person owning shares of a company 7) urgent order to be met in time

3) government policy of reducing taxes 8) board of directors elected by shareholders

4) price control system 9) ways of reducing the cost of electrifying

railways

5) large terminal construction to be financed 10) billion-dollar-annual-profit

by foreign investors manufacturing corporation

1) Provided the price for the Internet access were not so high, more young people would be able to use the Internet for educational purposes.

2) Had governments of all countries reduced import/export restrictions and tariffs, it would have promoted the expansion of international trade.

3) If we do not have some orders within the next few days, we shall have to fire some of our workers.

4) The agriculturists would have obtained higher profits unless the weather had been so hot and dry in summer.

5) If the machines produced by your firm met our requirements, we should place our order with it.

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