Ex.7. Определите к какому типу относятся следующие условные предложения, перепишите их и переведите на русский язык.

В А Р И А Н Т 5

Ex.1. Образуйте причастие I [Participle I] или причастие II [Participle II] от глаголов, данных в скобках. Предложения перепишите и переведите.

1) The American blue-collar workers [ to earn – Participle I] between $10.50 and 12.50 an hour are among the highest [ to pay – Participle II] in the world.

2) When [ to restrict – Participle I] the import of foreign goods in the country, the government may make domestic producers less competitive.

3) Customers have the right to ask for a quality certificate for any goods [ to offer – Participle II].

4) The word ‘entrepreneur’ [ to borrow – Participle II] from the French language means a person [ to organize – Participle I] a business and [ to manage – Participle I] it.

5) In the 1970s, industrial countries had to adjust their industries to the [ to change – Participle I] world economy, particularly such industries as shipbuilding, steel, and textiles.

Old-established industries in some countries were [ to lose – Participle I] their markets to new competitors elsewhere, and their [ to lay off – Participle II] workers could not always find new jobs.

Ex.2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разные функции инфинитива [Infinitive].

1) The share of the budget to be allocated to health service and social security varies from country to country.

2) The government has imposed protective tariffs to stop the flow of cheap imports, which threatened to destroy domestic industries.

3) The bankers suppose that the amount of money to be obtained from selling the company’s tangible assets will be enough to settle its debts.

4) It is said that to be a success in business you need to be daring, be first and be different.

5) When economic and political situation in the country is not steady, it is not safe to store wealth in the form of money.

6) The main aim of an advertising campaign is to make potential customers believe that a product is worth buying.

Ex.3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, содержащие инфинитивную конструкцию Сложное подлежащее [Complex Subject]. Подчеркните данную конструкцию в английских предложениях.

1) The state budget deficit is known to be the excess of government expenditure over government revenue.

2) Reliable computer programs are sure to be of great aid in calculating such accounting data as salaries, taxes, expenses etc.

3) Youth employment is thought to be low in Germany because education is highly subsidized by the state.

4) A two percent increase in the rate of inflation was found to cause a reduction in the real income of elderly households by about ten percent.

5) The first books summarizing experience in the field of accounting are likely to have appeared in England, France, and Germany during the 16^th century.

6) The company is said to have dissolved because it had been engaged in speculative operations.

Ex.4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, содержащие инфинитивную конструкцию Сложное дополнение [Complex Object]. Подчеркните данную конструкцию в английских предложениях.

1) The majority of businesspersons consider banks to charge very high rates of interest on long-term loans.

2) Production from oil fields in the North Sea has allowed Great Britain to become virtually self-sufficient in petroleum.

3) The economists expect wages in all branches of mining, except coal mining, to grow.

4) The manager has ordered the accountant to estimate how much capital will be needed for expanding their business.

5) Although the Japanese may say “yes” at a business meeting, it does not mean that they agree with you, but that they want you to continue.

6) Employers cannot make their employees work overtime if extra pay for extra work is not paid.

Ex.5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на многофункциональность глаголов to have и to be. Укажите их функции.

1) Invoice is a document, which lists the goods you have bought and tells you how much you will have to pay for them.

2) According to the labor law, low-paid workers having children to support are to exempt from paying taxes.

3) The main purpose of bilateral trade agreement signed by the USA and Canada was to remove numerous tariff barriers hindering rapid development of commerce.

4) The company had to compensate the shareholders for not paying dividends in time as these troubles were due to improper running the enterprise.

5) There are two kinds of speeches: there is the speech that a person makes when he has something to say and the speech when he has to say something.

Ex.6. Перепишите и переведите следующие словосочетания, обращая внимание на способы выражения определений. Укажите, чем выражено определение – существительным, прилагательным, причастием I, причастием II, герундием, инфинитивом.

1) interest rates to be decreased in the near future 6) labor costs calculation

2) companies trading in the world market 7) loan to be granted by the bank

3) adopted program of increasing pensions 8) newly appointed plant manager

and other social benefits

4) large amount of money spent on promoting 9) food industry enterprise

the new product

5) terms of entering the World Trade Organization 10) growing demand for foodstuffs

1) Provided our country invested more money in education, labor productivity and living conditions would be higher.

2) Had free migration between countries been allowed, people from poor countries would have been able to go elsewhere in search of job.

3) If the company does not earn a reasonable profit, the share price will fall and it will be difficult to attract additional capital.

4) Such a big corporation would not run business so successfully unless experienced managers were hired to head it.

5) If the available resources had been used economically, it would have covered the production costs and would have provided higher profit.

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