Name the components of connotative meaning and give examples

Name the components of denotative meaning and give examples.

Define lexical, grammatical and lexico-grammatical meanings and give examples of each.

Sn coll.-a body (group, number) of people (men, persons) who V (Ving,Ved).

D1,D2, D3(male, young, human) -distinctive features

Girl (female (non-adult (human being))).

Woman (female (adult (human being))),

A man (male (adult ((human being)));

L. Hielmslev’s commutation test.

D1= boy = man =bull(male::female)

Girl=woman=cow

D2= boy = girl

Man=woman(young::adult)

D3= boy = girl

Bull=cow(human::animal)

J.Katz and J.Fodor, R.S. Ginzburg:

semantic markers (common features) and distinguishers (distinctive features):

spinster – noun (class seme), count noun, human, adult, female, who has never been married (distinguisher) as in opposition: spinster::widow, bride, etc.

Method of logical definition:

cow – a full grown female of any animal of the ox family;

calf – the young of the cow.

Transformational analysis: team ‘a group of people acting together in a game’:

TEST

1. Name as many approaches to the word definition as possible.

2. Enumerate types of a word.

3. Give examples of different motivations of words.

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