Perfect Tenses

Positive form

Subject

Auxiliary verb am, are, is

Main verb in –ing form

Yes/No form

Auxiliary verb am, are, is  

Subject  

Main verb in –ing form

Negative form

Subjeсt  

Auxiliary verb am, are,is  

Negative particle not

Main verb in –ing form  

Affirmative Form	Interrogative Form	Negative Form
I am writing	Am I writing?	I am not writing
You are writing	Are you writing?	You are not writing
He (she, it) is writing	Is he (she, it) writing?	He (she, it) is not writing
We are writing	Are we writing?	We are not writing
They are writing	Are they writing?	They are not writing

PastContinuousTense

Positive form

Subject  

Auxiliary verb was, were

Main verb in –ing form  

Yes/No form

Auxiliary verb was, were  

Subject  

Main verb in –ing form  

Negative form

Subject  

Auxiliary verb was, were  

Negative particlenot

Main verb in –ing form  

Affirmative Form	Interrogative Form	Negative Form
I was writing	Was I writing?	I was not writing
You were writing	Were you writing?	You were not writing
He (she, it) was writing	Was he (she, it) writing?	He (she, it) was not writing
We were writing	Were we writing?	We were not writing
They were writing	Were they writing?	They were not writing

Future Continuous Tense

Positive form

Subject  

Auxiliary verb shall be, will be

Main verb in –ing form  

Yes/ No form

Auxiliary verb shall be, will be  

Subject  

Main verb in –ing form  

be

Negative form

Main verb in –ing form  

Subject  

Auxiliary verb shall, will  

Negative particlenot  

be

Affirmative Form	Interrogative Form	Negative Form
I shall be/will be writing	Shall/will I be writing?	I shall/will not be wri­ting
You will be writing	Will you foe writing?	You will not be writing
He (she, it) will be. writing	Will he (she, it) be writing?	He (she, it) will not be writing
We shall/will be writing	Shall/will we be writing?	We shall/will not be writing
They will be writing	Will they be writing?	They will not be writing

Future Continuous Tense in the Past

Positive form

Subject  

Auxiliary verb should be, would be

Main verb in –ing form  

Negative form

Main verb in –ing form  

Subject  

Auxiliary verb should be, would be  

Nega-tive particlenot  

be  

Affirmative Form	NegativeForm
I should/would be doing	I should/would not be doing
You would be doing	You would not foe doing
He (she, it) would be doing	He (she, it) would not be doing
We should be/would be doing	We should/would not be doing
They would be doing	They would not be doing

TableVII

Perfect Tenses
PresentPerfectTense	It expresses a connection of action which has been already done with the present moment of speaking	She has just studied this case-history
Past Perfect Tense	It refers to an action in the past that was completed before another action in the past	She had just made some coffee when I arrived
Future Perfect Tense	It expresses an action which will be finished by the definite moment in future	She will have gone home by the time I arrive
Future Perfect in the Past	It is used in indirect speech and expresses an action as well as Future Perfect, which will be completed by the definite moment in future	My friend said that she would have done this work by the end of the week

Present Perfect Tense

Positive form

Sub-ject

Auxiliary verb have, has

Main verb in the 3-d form

Yes/No forms

Auxiliary verb have, has  

Subject  

Main verb in the 3-d form

Negative form

Sub-ject

Auxiliary verb have, has  

Negative particle not

Main verb in the 3-d form  

Affirmative Form	Interrogative Form	Negative Form
I have written	Have I written?	I have not written
You have written	Have you written?	You have not written
He (she, it) has written	Has he (she, it) written?	He (she, it) has not written
We have written	Have we written?	We have not written
They have written	Have they written?	They have not written

PastPerfectTense

Positive form

Subject

Auxiliary verb had

Main verb in the 3-d form

Yes/No form

Auxiliary verb had  

Subject  

Main verb in the 3-d form

Negative form

5 /Jo+XpW6vZmfn0AEM4dLGM74jA4FM1VuIu1FryBdr1KOKkiWIM5+9JDwloqvOF2BLHL5f0LxBwAA //8DAFBLAQItABQABgAIAAAAIQC2gziS/gAAAOEBAAATAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABbQ29udGVu dF9UeXBlc10ueG1sUEsBAi0AFAAGAAgAAAAhADj9If/WAAAAlAEAAAsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALwEA AF9yZWxzLy5yZWxzUEsBAi0AFAAGAAgAAAAhAHyeTJ0vAgAAUwQAAA4AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALgIA AGRycy9lMm9Eb2MueG1sUEsBAi0AFAAGAAgAAAAhAMWYec7fAAAACgEAAA8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA iQQAAGRycy9kb3ducmV2LnhtbFBLBQYAAAAABAAEAPMAAACVBQAAAAA= ">

Main verb in the3-d form  

Sub-ject

Auxiliary verb had  

Negative particle not

Affirmative Form	Interrogative Form	Negative Form
I had written	Had I written?	I had not written
You had written	Had you written?	You had not written
He (she, it) had written	Had he (she, it) written?	He (she, it) had not written
We had written	Had we written?	We had not written
They had written	Had they written?	They had not written

Future Perfect Tense

Positive form

Subject  

Auxiliary verb shall have, will have

Main verb in the 3-d form

Yes/No forms

Auxiliary verb shall, will вопросительной

Subject  

Main verb in the 3-d form

ha-ve

Negative form

Main verbin the 3-d form  

Sub-ject  

Auxiliary verb shall, will

Negative particle not

have

Affirmative Form	Interrogative Form	Negative Form
I shall have/will have written	Shall/will I have written?	I shall/will not have written
You will have written	Will you have written?	You will not have written
He (she, it) will have written	Will he (she, it) have written?	He (she, it) will not have written
We shall have/will have written	Shall/will we have written?	We shall/will not have written
They will have written	Will they have written?	They will not have written

Future Perfect Tense in the Past

Positive form

Sub-ject

Auxiliary verb should have, would have

Main verb in the 3-d form

Yes/No forms

Sub- ject  

have

Auxiliary verb should have, would have

Main verb in the 3-d form

Negative form

Main verb in the3-d form

Negative particle not

Have

Sub-ject

Auxiliary verb should have, would have

Affirmative Form	Interrogative Form	Negative Form
I should have/ would have done	Should/would I have done?	I should/would not have done
You would have done	Would you have done?	You would not have done
He (she, it) would have done	Would he (she, it) have done?	He (she, it) would not have done
We should have/ would have done	Should/would we have done?	We should/would not have done
They would have done	Would they have done?	They would not have done

Table IX

PerfectContinuousTenses

Perfect Continuous Tenses
Present Perfect Continuous Tense	It expresses an action that has recently stopped or just stopped or it is still happening.	I have been waiting for you for 4 hours
PastPerfectContinuousTense	It expresses continuous action that had been happening for a period of time before something else happened.	When I came into the ward the X-ray consultant had already been examining images for half an hour
Future Perfect Continuous Tense	It expresses continuous action in future. Itwillhavestartedbeforethedefinitemomentinfutureandwillcontinueлось до определенного момента в будущем и будет продолжаться до этого момента, о котором идет речь	By next week you will have been studying in this class for 4 months
Future Perfect Continuous Tense in the Past	It is used in subordinate clause if the verb of the main sentence is in the past.	She said that by the next month her mother would have been working in the hospital for 2 years

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Positive form

Subject

Auxiliary verb have been, has been

Main verb in –ing form

Yes/No forms

Auxiliary verb have been, has been  

Subject  

Main verb in –ing form

Образование отрицательной формы

Sub-ject

Auxiliary verb have been, has been  

Negati-ve particle not

Main verb in –ing form  

Affirmative Form	Interrogative Form	Negative Form
I have been living	Have I been living?	I have not been living
You have been living	Have you been living?	You have not been living
He (she, it) has been living	Has he (she, it) been living?	He (she, it) has not been living
We have been living	Have we been living?	We have not been living
They have been living	Have they been living?	They have not been living

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Positive form

Subject  

Auxiliary verb had been    

Main verb in –ing form    

Yes/No questions

Auxiliary verb had  

Subject  

been

Main verb in –ing form    

Negative forms

Main verb in –ing form

Subject

Auxilia-ry verb had

Negati-ve particle not

been

Affirmative Form	Interrogative Form	Negative Form
I had been working	Had I been working?	I had not been working
You had been working	Had you been working?	You had not been working
He (she, it) had been working	Had he (she, it) been working?	He (she, it) had not been working
We had been working	Had we been working?	We had not been working
They had been working	Had they been working?	They had not been working

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