A form of a state territorial system

There are 2 types of a state territorial system׃ unitary (simple) and complicated.

A unitary (simple) state is a state, territory of which is divided on administrative territorial units (regions, provinces etc.), which do not have own sovereignty and all attributes of a sovereign state.

The unitary state is characterized by political unity, the single system of bodies of state power (legislative, executive and judicial power) in the whole territory of a state, the single citizenship, absence of political independence of parties of a state, a single constitution, single legal and financial systems.

For example: Ukraine, Belarus, France, Poland, Cuba, Hungary, Czech Republic, Sweden etc.

This type of a state territorial system is the most popular nowadays. But such countries as Ukraine, Portugal have autonomous republics. It does not mean that such states are complicated, they are unitary (simple) with attributes of a federation. For example, the territory of Ukraine consists of 24 regions and Crimean Autonomous Republic. The Crimean Autonomous Republic is the part of Ukraine because of historical reasons and has no enough authority (especially economic) to be independent sovereign state.

There are 3 types of complicated forms of the state territorial system:

1) a federation is an allied state, which consists of states, which have juridical and political independence.

There are such subjects of the federation as states, lands etc. A federation is characterized by 2 levels of an apparatus of a state, which consists of bodies of legislative, executive and judicial state power of a federation and subjects of federation; 2 levels of the legal system of a state, 2 citizenships etc.

But all subjects of a federation coordinate their actions with bodies of state power of a federation. The priority belongs to the federal legal documents (a constitution).

For example: the United States of America, India, Russian Federation etc.

2) A confederation is a voluntary union (association) of sovereign independent states for the general decision of concrete political and military tasks.

A confederation is characterized by political, juridical and territorial independence and sovereignty of the subjects of a confederation, every of states has real right to leave a confederation, absence of a single territory, absence of a single citizenship, absence of a single system of bodies of state power (legislative, executive and judicial power), absence of single legal and financial systems. A confederation is not for a long term, it becomes a federations or stops its own existence.

For example, Switzerland.

3) An empire is a state, which consists of a main state which is called metropolis, and colonies which were conquered by it.

For example, Roman, Russian empire.

Дата добавления: 2014-11-29