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5. Прочитайте текст 'Glassmaking'.

Glassmaking is considered an art form as well as an industrial process or material. Glass is an amorphous, solid substance, an inor­ganic product of fusion which has been cooled through its transition to the, solid state without crystallising. Glasses are typically brittle, and often optically transparent. Clear windows have been used since the invention of glass to cover openings in a building.

Glass is generally made from mixtures of sand and silicates, in a very hot fire stove (a kiln). Very often additives are added to the mix­ture to produce glass with shades of colours or various characteristics (such as bulletproof or light emittance glass).

Glass plays an essential role in industry. The optical and physical properties of glass make it suitable for such applications as flat glass, container glass, optics and optoelectronics material, laboratory equip­ment, thermal insulator (glass wool), reinforcement fiber (glass- reinforced plastic, glass fiber reinforced concrete), and art.

The use of glass in architectural buildings has become very popular in the modern culture. Glass 'curtain walls' can be used to cover the entire facade of a building, or they can be used to span over a wide roof structure in a 'space frame'. These uses, though, require some sort of frame to hold sections of glass together, as glass is too brittle to span large areas by itself. (1 150 п.зн.)

6. Соедините фрагменты (AB), чтобы получить законченное вы­сказывание.

А.

■... as glass is too brittle to span large areas by itself.

■... is the usual choice for metal structural building materials.

■...and certain standards of chemical composition and mechani­cal properties.

■...which has been cooled through its transition to the solid state without crystallising.

■...the steel structures have better strength and can be easily dismantled.

B.

■ Glass is an amorphous, solid substance, an inorganic product of fusion...

■ While both steel structures and Reinforced concrete cement structures have their pros and cons,...

■ Steel is a metal alloy whose major component is iron, and...

■ These uses, though, require some sort of frame to hold sections of glass together,...

■ Structural steel is steel construction material, a profile, formed with a specific shape or cross section...

7. Расскажите, как металл и стекло используются в строи­тельстве.

TEXT D

1. Выпишите из текста интернациональные слова (не менее 12).

2. Запомните слова и словосочетания.

plastic material — пластмасса, пластичный материал;

amorphous solid — аморфное твёрдое тело;

to improve performance — улучшать характеристики;

malleability— ковкость, тягучесть, податливость;

to extrude — прессовать, штамповать;

thermosetting polymer — термореактивный полимер;

glass transition temperature — температура стеклования;

resistance to smth — сопротивляемость чему-либо;

versatility — универсальность, гибкость;

imperviousness — непроницаемость, водонепроницаемость;

to release toxic fumes — испускать токсичный дым/испарения.

3. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.

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