Syllabic Structure of the English Language

Seminar 6

Define the phonetic processes within words and word boundaries.

Give your own examples to illustrate different cases of elision.

Read the words. Point out possible phonetic mistakes made by non-native speakers.

Transcribe the sentences. Mind all the possible cases of elision.

Transcribe the words below. Single out the consonants that may be elided in the words.

Transcribe the words below. Single out the vowels that may be elided in the words.

nursery

petitioner

policeman

temporary

phonetically

potato

reasonable

parliament

buffalo

difficult

banana

boundary

several

suppose

history

perhaps

preference

secretary

Edinburgh

especially

possibly

suffering

government

bachelor

naturally

awfully

comfortable

machine

interesting

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handbag

postman

a sixth round

last Saturday

next time

humpty-dumpty

attempt

empty

night time

crumbs

landscape

sanctuary

next stop

lamb

punctual

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a) We have fixed for the locksmith to come and mend it.

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b) I suppose the best thing is to get another one.

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c) She acts particularly well in that play.

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d) The postman came the next day.

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e) The police went for their sixth round.

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13. What mechanism is affected by assimilation in the pronunciation
of /r/ in the words “strong”, “straight”, of /m/ in the words “smile”, “smell” or /j/ in the words “suit”, “stew”?

14. State which of these English and Russian words illustrate
the following: a) aspiration, b) no aspiration, c) palatalization,
d) no palatalization e) labialization, f) labialization with the lip protrusion.

top, bee, pit, built, port, meal, deep, beauty, tarn, corn, music, pepper, onion, peace, come, lean, car, cable, lion, dean, топь, поле, тина, Коля, тесто, роль, сила, ток, лом, день, пень, соль, ряд, пел, бук, кило, мел, вилы, полк, ком, дуло, coop, tool, tall, call, gorge, goose, doom, dawn, room, thorn.

anecdote, medicine, speak, let’s go, garden, sixth, pass them, in the, little, fifths, mustn’t, button, place, birthday, fasten, width, cable, stone.

16. Give your own examples of a) aspiration, b) palatalization,
c) labialization.

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17. Give your own examples of assimilation affecting a) the work
of the vocal cords, b) the place of articulation and the active organ of speech, c) the manner of noise production, d) the position of the soft palate.

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measure, open the door, twice, please, what time, pot, submarine, eagle, create, mean, soften, pegs, at the desk, dream, calm, happen, that day, sportswoman, mustn’t, pets, looked, blame, cabman, treat, thumb, used to, surprise, bible, breadth, beaten, morning, root, tune, will you.

1. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the syllable?

2. What is the structure of the syllable?

3. Define the peak and the slopes of the syllable.

4. What is the role of sonorants in syllable formation?

5. What do you know about different structural types of the syllable?

6. Speak on syllable division.

7. How does the syllable perform constitutive and distinctive functions?

8. What is “disjuncture”, “conjuncture”?

2. Point out syllabic structural patterns of the following English and Russian words; characterize them from the viewpoint of their structure: open, covered, etc.

a) pit, pat, pot, bet, tip, ten, top, took;

пол, бак, ток, час, воз, сон, нос;

b) fact, send, past, region, listen;

вопль, вепрь, ритм, метр;

c) depths, lapsed, boxed, lifts, busts;

текст, жертв, горсть, шерсть;

d) plan, price, shriek, fret, smoke, twice;

птах, прав, жнец, здесь, злак, сгиб;

e) do, go, so, dew. he, pea, pie, boy;

да, бы, фа, си, те, ту, ли;

f) spy, stay, blue, brew, pray, dry;

дно, все, про, кто, два;

g) ought, eat, orb, oak, eight, out, art;

он, ас, ад, ил, ух, ох;

h) splay, spray, straw;

мсти, мзда, льсти, мгла;

i) ebbed, act, ask, else, aunt, apt;

акт, акр, игл, игр, ость, альф;

j) aunts, asks, acts, elks;

искр, астр;

k) spleens, springs, sprawls, strains, screams;

вскользь, всласть, вдрызг, взвизг;

l) patents, servants, licensed;

монстр, ханств, царств, земств, чувств;

m) spleen, split, street, struck, squeek;

взлом, вздеть, сдвиг, взмах, взрыв;

n) twiddle, trance, flask, flint, thrust;

фланг, внутрь, швабр, скетч

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