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Подберите подходящий обсудите предложения.

• The formation of appropriate urban zones...

• U rban planning...

• Traffic facilities...

• A large-scale survey of all existing conditions...

• A 'sustainable' city...

...covers social and economic condition of the population.

...is a tool for guiding and facilitating development.

...helps architectural design to provide points of emphasis.

...integrates land use planning and transportation planning.

...is summarized in diagrams and maps.

...should be made.

...uses too many natural resources.

...greatly influence the city design.

...shows all transport lines and other systems.

...can include town renewal.

...increases social inequality.

...makes for economic efficiency.

...improves the built, economic and social environments of communities.

...must both direct and limit the development of the area.

...involves all current trends in creation of human habitat.

1. What is town planning?

2. What investigations should be carried out before making a town plan?

3. Why is it important to study all features worth preserving?

4. Why docs transport present unique problems within urbanized areas?

5. What are the main advantages of appropriate town zones forma­tion?

6. What docs successful urban planning consider?

7. How do you understand the notion 'sustainable city'?

8. Соедините предложения, чтобы получить краткое содержание текста.

1. A modern city should be sustainable. 2. A large-scale survey of all existing conditions is to be done before plan-making. 3. Traffic facilities are important determining factors of town planning. 4. Urban planning improves environments of communities. 5. Town zoning makes for economic efficiency. 6. Town planning includes urban re­newal. 7. Urban planning should take its cues from nature.

9. Перескажите текст.

Information-to-Swallow (1)

The Town-planning Code of the Russian Federation

The Town-planning Code of the Russian Federation is a document passed on April 8. 1998. This Code regulates the whole range of is­sues concerning creation of the settling, town planning, building and accomplishment system for urban and country regions, development of their engineering, transport and social infrastructures. reasonable use of environment, safekeeping of historic and cultural inheritance objects and protection of the environment in order to provide favour­able living conditions.

The Code contains definitions of the terms, determines purposes and kinds of town-planning documentation, and determines the need in such documents as General scheme of settling. The Code regulates the procedure and conditions of town-planning, establishes the proce­dure for zoning of territories.

The Code also regulates the use of territories of urban and subur­ban zones, contains the procedure for publication of state town- planning standards and rules. Besides, the Code determines the exis­tence of the State town-planning cadastre in the RF. its purposes and procedure of keeping.

The Code also regulates the mechanism of control over town- planning activity. responsibility for the violation of the legislation, determines economic base of town-planning activity, procedure of international cooperation as regards town-planning activity

(I. 150 п.зн.)

Ø Передайте содержание текста в 5 предложениях.

TEXT В

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1. Переведите интернациональные слова.

architecture, paradigm, consensus, control, elite, concept, resident, technique, destruction, subsidize, construct, social, uniform, concen­trate. zoning, management, result, style, material.

2. Запомните слова и словосочетания.

industrialized city — промышленный город;

garden city — город-сад;

model town — образцовый город;

skyscraper-building techniques — техника строительства небо­скрёбов;

elimination of congestion - - уничтожение/устранение скученности; freeway — автомагистраль, автострада;

to subsidize housing blocks — субсидировать строительство жи­лых кварталов;

prominent example — яркий пример;

to fall into decline — приходить в упадок;

to demolish — сносить, разрушать;

diversity— многообразие, разнообразие;

growth management — управление развитием/ростом;

system of prohibitions and guidance — система запретов и указаний;

initial plan — исходный план.

3. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания. Modern History of Town Planning

Part One

[In the developed countries of Western Europe, North America, japan, and Australasia, planning and architecture can be said to have gone through various paradigms or stages of consensus in the last 200 years.]⁰ Firstly, there was the industrialized city of the 19^th century, where building was largely controlled by businesses and wealthy elites. Around 1900, a movement began for providing citizens, espe­cially factory workers, with healthier environments. The concept of the garden city arose and several model towns were built in UK.

were small in size, typically providing for a few thousand residents.

In the 1920s, the idea of modernism began to surface in urban planning. [Based on the ideas of Le Corbusier and using new skyscra- per-building techniques, the modernist city stood for the elimination of disorder, congestion, and the small scale, replacing them with preplanned and widely spaced freeways and tower blocks set within gardens.]⁰ No large-scale plans were implemented until after World War II, however. Throughout the late 1940s and 1950s, housing short­ages caused by wartime destruction led many cities to subsidize hous­ing blocks. Planners used the opportunity to implement the modernist ideal of towers surrounded by gardens. The most prominent example of an entire modernist city is Brasilia in Brazil, constructed between 1956 and 1960.

(1 150 п.зн.)

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