До практичних занять з англійської мови

МИНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ

КИЇВСЬКИЙ ПОЛІТЕХНІЧНИЙ ІНСТИТУТ

МЕТОДИЧНІ ВКАЗІВКИ

Київ КПІ 1998

Навчальне видання

Медодичні вказівки

до практичних занять з англійскої мови

для студентів І курсу

факультету електроенерготехніки та автоматики

Упорядники: Бріскіна Людмила Антонівна

Фляджинська Наталія Ігорівна

Редактор Л.М.Лукашевич

on, which are frequently organized in the square.

On the other side of the square are the National Gallery and the, Nation Portrait Gallery. Further west from Trafalgar Square is Buckingham Palace, the residence of the Queen of England. This is a beautiful building standing in large gardens. The palace and the gardens are open to visitors several days a week.

To the east of the City is the Port of London. Here today, are miles and miles of docks and the great Industrial areas that de-pend upon shipping. This is the East End of London» unattractive in appearance but very Important to the coutry's commerce.

London is very old and full of historical places, full of customs and traditions. Englishmen are a mixture of past and present, of the old-fashioned and the very modern.

Visitors are usually greatly surprised by the number of bridges across the river. The capital has 14 bridges, the famous Lon-don Bridge being the biggest among them.

London

London, one of the world's biggest cities, situated on the ri­ver Thames, about forty miles from the sea, is the capital of Great Britain, a great industrial and cultural centre, and one of the Britain's most important ports.

London today stretches for nearly 30 miles from north to south and nearly 30 miles from east to west. This is the area known as "Great London" with a population of nine million and an area of 620 square miles.

The City of London is the heart of the business and financial life of the country. Here most of the streets are narrow and run down to the Thames, the traffic is slow. It is a very small part of London, only one square mile in area. High office buildings stand on either side of the narrow streets, ell business firms are concentrated there. There is also the Mansion House, the of­ficial residence of the Lord Mayor of London.

The most striking building In the City today is St. Paul's Cathedral designed by Wren, a famous English architect of the 17-th century. People say that the Cathedral is the finest Renaissance church In Europe.

About two miles westward Is another part of London that now is called the West End. It is the most pleasant residential area of London. There, are lovely parks, luxurious mansions and elegant stores and restaurants, as well as theatres, museums and hotels there. Picadilly circus is the heart of London's world of enter­tainment.

Westminster Abbey, at which all British Kings and queens are crowned is in the West End. Many famous people are buried in the Abbey, among them Newton, Darvin, Dickens and Kipling. Westminster Abbey was built over nine hundred years ago.

Across the road from Westminster Abbey are the Houses of Parliament with its famous Big Ben, a huge clock built just over a century ago, the clock from which all people in Britain take the time. From Parliament Square Whitehall goes off to the North. This is where the big government offices are situated. On the right is New Scottland Yard, the centre of the Metropolian Police, and on the left is Downing Street; where the Prime Minister has his official residence. At the end of Whitehall is Trafalgar Square, in the middle of which rises the Nelson Column, a monument to Admiral Nelson for his victories in the war against Napoleon. The large plat-form at the foot is often used by the orators when there are large meetings or demonstrations for peace and disarmament, for better school buildings and pensions for the aged and so

The United Kingdom does not have a written constitution or printed set of rules for governing the country. Parliament consists of the House of Commons and the House of Lords, members are elected only to the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the Party that has a majority in the House of Commons.

Britain is a democracy; men and women over 18 years have a vote. Voting is not compulsory. They have the right to elect a representative to Parliament. The representative is their Member of Parliament or M. P. An M. P. tries to be of use to all the people living in his electoral area but he does not take orders from them.

At the opening of Parliament the Queen reads a speech from the throne in the House of Lords. Her speech has been written by the Prime Minister. It outlines the Government's plans for the new session of Parliament. M. P.s from the House of Commons are summoned to the House of Lords to stand and listen to the speech. This is one of the few occasions when the whole Parliament - Queen and both Houses of Parliament - meet together.

Parliamentary elections must be held: if the government loses its majority support in the House of Commons; if the Prime Minister decides to hold an election, or if the Parliament is coming to the end of a five-year period.

There are many political parties in Great Britain. Conservative, Labour, Liberal, Social Democratic Party are major parties there, When a party wine a majority of votes, it forms the government and the others - the opposition.

СПИСОК РЕКОМЕНДОВАНОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ

1. "English in Electrical Engineering and Electronics"

Eric H. Hendinning.

Oxford University Press, 1990.

2. "Science for language learner"

Mary Ellen Quinn.

Prentice - Hall, INC, 1989.

3. "Basic English for Science"

Oxford University Press, 1991.

МИНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ

КИЇВСЬКИЙ ПОЛІТЕХНІЧНИЙ ІНСТИТУТ

МЕТОДИЧНІ ВКАЗІВКИ

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